“We estimate that over the past 11 months, we’ve killed about 25,000 enemy fighters. When you add that to the 20,000 estimated killed previously, that’s 45,000 enemy taken off the battlefield,” said Gen Sean MacFarland.

Gen MacFarland said estimates for the overall remaining strength of ISIL vary from about 15,000 to 30,000 but said the terrorists are having increasing difficulties replenishing their ranks.

“The number of fighters on the front line has diminished. They’ve diminished not only in quantity but also in quality — we don’t see them operating nearly as effectively as they have in the past, which makes them even easier targets for us,” MacFarland told Pentagon reporters from Baghdad via a videocall.

Officials also estimate ISIL has lost 25,000 square kilometers (9,650 square miles) of the territory it once held in Iraq and Syria, or about 50 percent and 20 percent respectively in each country.

MacFarland was upbeat about the eventual recapture of Mosul in Iraq and Raqa in Syria, saying it would herald the “beginning of the end” of the campaign against ISIL.

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