Some of the Katyusha-type rockets hit empty areas but one caused casualties, Turkish media quoted Kilis mayor Hasan Kara as saying.
One person was killed and two people wounded, one of them seriously, he said.
The Dogan news agency said that the rockets had been fired from an area in Syria controlled by Islamic State (ISIS / ISIL / Daesh) terrorists.
The Turkish army then struck back by firing on ISIS positions in Syria according to the rules of engagement, it quoted security sources as saying.
It is the first such incident since January 18, when a rocket fired from an ISIS-controlled position in Syria killed a janitor and wounded a pupil at a school in Kilis.
The latest attack comes after Turkish armed forces launched artillery strikes on repeated occasions in the last two weeks on ISIS positions in Syria.
A fragile ceasefire backed by Turkey has taken effect in Syria, but the deal does not apply to territory held by the ISIS group and Al-Qaeda affiliate Al-Nusra Front.
From mid-February, Turkish artillery had also on successive days shelled targets of the Syrian Kurdish Democratic Union Party (PYD) inside Syria, with the military saying it was responding to incoming fire.
Washington had urged Ankara to halt its fire on the PYD and its People’s Protection Units (YPG) militia, AFP reported.
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