Senators voted Thursday largely along party lines, 52-46, to approve Friedman's nomination.
The son of an Orthodox rabbi, Friedman has been a fervent supporter of Israeli settlements, an opponent of Palestinian statehood and staunch defender of zionist government.
Friedman, a combative attorney who once worked as Trump's bankruptcy lawyer, generated strident opposition from many Democrats. They pointed to Friedman's past verbal attacks against people with opposing viewpoints on Israel and argued he lacked the temperament for such an important diplomatic post.
Sen. Al Franken, D-Minn., said Friedman's "past conduct demonstrates that he lacks the tools one needs to be a good diplomat."
Friedman sought to use his confirmation hearing in February to apologize for using inflammatory language and pledged to be "respectful and measured" if confirmed.
During that hearing, Friedman acknowledged he deserved criticism for incendiary comments that targeted former President Barack Obama, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, liberal Jewish advocacy groups and others. Friedman had called one group, J Street, "worse than kapos" — a reference to Jews who helped the Nazis imprison other Jews during the Holocaust. He also accused Obama of "anti-Semitism."
Republicans said Friedman's atonement satisfied them. Sen. Bob Corker of Tennessee, the Republican chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, called Friedman an "impassioned advocate" for strengthening bonds between the United States and Israel.
Corker said Friedman "understands the complexity of the issues at stake for the U.S. and the necessity to support a democratic ally in an important and unstable part of the world," NBC News reported.